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Civil religion: Robert N. Bellah defines civil religion as a set of shared beliefs, symbols, and rituals that unify a nation beyond traditional religion. It combines sacred elements with national identity, often using symbols like the flag or rituals like national holidays to foster cohesion and loyalty among citizens, transcending individual faiths. See also Religion, Religious belief, Society, Community, Symbols.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Robert N. Bellah on Civil Religion - Dictionary of Arguments

Habermas IV 429
Civil Religion/R. Bellah/Habermas: Bellah thesis: People of different beliefs can belong to the same, primarily secular, politically organized community.
Talcott Parsons: Then religion belongs to the private sphere. Another aspect of secularization is that God's kingdom is being established on earth. The climax of this development was the founding of the American nation. Thereby, there was no radical break with religious tradition.
>Privacy
, >Nation.
Bellah/Parsons: shows how many official announcements, especially the inauguration of the American president -
Habermas IV 430
use the term "God" or various synonyms in the sense of "Supreme Being" and embarrassingly avoid a reference to Christ.(1)
>State (Polity), >Autonomy.

1. Talcott Parsons, Belief, Unbelief and Disbelief, in: T. Parsons, Action Theory and the Human Condition, NY 1978, S. 309

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.

Bellah I
Robert N. Bellah
Beyond Belief New York 1970

Ha I
J. Habermas
Der philosophische Diskurs der Moderne Frankfurt 1988

Ha III
Jürgen Habermas
Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns Bd. I Frankfurt/M. 1981

Ha IV
Jürgen Habermas
Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns Bd. II Frankfurt/M. 1981


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